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TeXÀÇ ÀúÀÚ·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁø Knuth°¡ ¸¸µé¾î³½ ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹ÖÀÇ »õ·Î¿î Æз¯´ÙÀÓÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Knuth°¡ ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °³³äÀ» ±¸Ã¼ÈÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇÑ °ÍÀÌ 1980³â´ë ÃʹÝÀ̴ϱî 2006³â ÇöÀç·Î½á´Â '»õ·Î¿î'À̶õ ´Ü¾î°¡ Á» ¹«»öÇØ Áý´Ï´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÇöÀç±îÁöµµ ±×¸® ³Î¸® ÀÌ¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖÁö´Â ¾ÊÀ¸µí ½Í½À´Ï´Ù.
Àü»êÇп¡´Â Àü»êÇÐÀÇ ³ëº§»óÀ̶ó ºÒ¸®´Â Æ©¸µ»ó(
A. M. Turing Award(http://awards.acm.org/turing/)) ÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. 1974³â Æ©¸µ»ó ¼ö»óÀÚ´Â ¾Ë°í¸®ÁòÀÇ ºÐ¼®°ú ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹Ö ¾ð¾îÀÇ µðÀÚÀÎ ±×¸®°í,
The art of computer programming À̶ó´Â Àú¼·Î ±× ºÐ¾ß¿¡ ¸¹Àº °øÇåÀ» ÇÑ Knuth ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.
°ü·Ê(?)·Î½á ±× ÇØ Æ©¸µ»óÀ» ¹ÞÀº »ç¶÷Àº ACM Turing Award Lecture¶ó´Â À̸§À¸·Î °ÀǸ¦ ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾î Àִµ¥, 1974³â ±× °ÀÇÀÇ Á¦¸ñÀº
Computer Programming as an Art(
»õ·Î¿î ÷ºÎ "knuth-turingaward.pdf)¿´½À´Ï´Ù"ÆÄÀÏ ¾÷·Îµå. Knuth´Â ¿©±â¼ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹ÖÀ» ´Ü¼øÇÑ ±â¼úÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ À½¾Ç, ¹Ì¼ú, ¹®Çаú °°Àº Á¾·ùÀÇ ÇϳªÀÇ ¿¹¼ú È°µ¿À̶ó°í °Á¶ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í °á·ÐºÎ¿¡´Â ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¸Ó ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ¿¹¼ú°¡¶ó´Â ÀνÄÀ» °¡Áö°í ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹Ö ÀÛ¾÷¿¡ ÀÓÇϸé, ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹ÖÀÌ ´õ¿í Áñ°Ì°í, ±× °á°ú ¶ÇÇÑ ´õ¿í ÁÁÀ» °ÍÀ̶ó°í ¸»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
To summarize: We have seen that computer programming is an art, because it applies accumulated knowledge to the world, because it requires skill and ingenuity, and especially because it produces objects of beauty. A programmer who subconsciously views himself as an artist will enjoy what he does and will do it better. Therefore we can be glad that people who lecture at computer conferences speak about the state of the Art.
¹®ÇÐÀû ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹ÖÀº ÀÌ·¸°Ô ½ÃÀÛÇß³ªº¾´Ï´Ù. ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹ÖÀ» ¿¹¼ú·Î º¸´Â ´ë°¡·Î ºÎÅÍ ¸»ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. À§ÀÇ °ÀǸ¦ ½ÃÀÛÀ¸·Î ´«¿¡ º¸ÀÌ´Â º»°ÝÀûÀÎ ¹®ÇÐÀû ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹ÖÀÇ ½ÃÀÛ ¶ÇÇÑ KnuthÀÇ ³í¹® Literate Programming (
knuthweb.pdf (257.24 KB) ) ¿¡¼ ½ÃÀÛÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ³í¹®¿¡¼ Knuth´Â ´õÀÌ»ó ÄÄÇ»Å͸¦ À§ÇØ ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹ÖÀ» ÇÏ´Â ½Ã´ë´Â Áö³µ´Ù°í ¸»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. »ç¶÷À» À§ÇÑ ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹ÖÀ» ÇÏÀÚ°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¹°·Ð ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹ÖÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀÌ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ ÀÏÀ» ½ÃÅ°±â À§ÇÑ ¸í·ÉµéÀÇ ÁýÇÕÀÌÁö¸¸, ÀÌ°Í¿¡ ¿¬¿¬ÇÏ¿© ³Ê¹« ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡¸¸ ÃÊÁ¡À» ¸ÂÃßÁö ¸»°í, »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ´«À» µ¹¸®ÀÚ´Â °ÍÀÌÁö¿ä. ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹ÖÀÇ ¸£³×»ó½º ½Ã´ë°¡ ¿Â °ÍÀÌÁö¿ä.
ÀÌ ³í¹®¿¡¼ ¿ª½Ã ÀÏ°üµÇ°Ô ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹ÖÀ» ¹®ÇÐ ÀÛÇ°(
works of literature) À¸·Î °£ÁÖÇÏ°í, Àç¹ÌÀÖ´Â ¸»ÀÎ
Literate Programming À̶õ ¸»À»¸¸µé¾î ³Â½À´Ï´Ù. Knuth´Â ¹®ÇÐÀû ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹ÖÀ» ´Ü¼øÇÑ ¸»À峿¡ ±×Ä¡´Â °ÍÀ» ½È¾îÇؼ WEBÀ̶ó´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ¸¸µé¾î ³Â½À´Ï´Ù.
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I believe that the time is ripe for significantly better documentation of programs, and that we can best achieve this by considering programs to be works of literature. Hence, my title: Literate Programming.
Let us change our traditional attitude to the construction of programs: Instead of imagining that our main task is to instruct a computer what to do, let us concentrate rather on explaining to human beings what we want a computer to do.
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